Arguments against Euthanasia Essay

1) Applies to a very small number of situations, therefore unethical to make a doctrine based on this. Modern medicine can alleviate pain and suffering in almost all cases. Accepting euthanasia means accepting the fact that medicine is not advanced enough rather than looking at constructive solutions i.e. further advancements in medicine. 2) Signals giving up on a case, insult to determination and endeavor of the patient as well as the doctor, violation of Hippocrates oath 3) Value in suffering: teach the community perseverance. The community will care for the patient and will learn to go beyond its own set of autonomous goals. Show that human life has value behind personal happiness and absence of pain. 4) Focus is to alleviate pain: can be done through painkillers, euthanasia is unnecessary. 5) Life is a gift of God: each human being has intrinsic value and cannot be treated as means to an end i.e. a painless death. Shows sick and disabled as undesirable. 6) Thin line between eutha nasia and murder-can be misused. Cost cutting for terminally ill people. 7) Mistaken diagnosis-may affect a person’s life 8) Making voluntary euthanasia legal will lead to a domino effect: make involuntary euthanasia legal, which is equivalent to murder In June of 1990, Dr. Jack Kevorkian, a 63-year-old retired pathologist, was charged with first-degree murder after he helped an Oregon woman with Alzheimer’s disease commit suicide in June 1990. Kevorkian was also charged with helping two other women, Marjorie Wantz and Sherry Miller to commit suicide. Miller was incapacitated by multiple sclerosis and Wantz suffered from a painful pelvic condition. Neither condition was life threatening or terminal. Speaking to the National Press Club in 1992, Dr. Kevorkian defended himself by saying that a terminal illness was one that would curtail life by even one day and since all of his victims had ‘terminal illnesses’, therefore ‘euthanasia’ was justified. He has also referred to old age as a ‘terminal illness’ on multiple occasions. Euthanasia, or the right to die, is sought for those people who are terminally ill. Terminally ill†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦hmmm, how would you define people who are terminally ill? (Pause) Well, the definitions may vary from person to person and that is where the problem arises. People like Dr. Kevorkian effortlessly misuse this phrase to include illnesses, which are not necessarily terminal in order to fulfill their own vested interests. Good morning everyone. The motion on the floor today is â€Å"Voluntary euthanasia should be legalized† and we are going to speak against the motion. There is a very thin line between euthanasia and suicide or murder. In most cases, the two are no different from each other. People with non terminal or even trivial illnesses can misuse the legal sanction for euthanasia by using it to assist them with suicide. For a depressed, ill or elderly person, the emotional and psychological pressures, arising out of the feeling that they are a burden on the family or their caretakers, could push a person towards euthanasia. Such people may look for an exit from their guilt by approaching a doctor who is willing to help them, of course, for a handsome sum of money.

Ethical Leadership Is Mostly About Leadership Integrity Essay

A recent study conducted in 2010 among UK and some European companies, revealed that the most prominent ethical issues to organisations includes harassment, bribery, corruption and facilitation payments, and whistle blowing (Wesley et al. 2011). Thus, it is important that ethics must indeed embark from the top. Leaders cannot escape from their responsibility to establish a moral example for their followers. The ethical actions and behaviour of top management have to be consistent with their teaching, otherwise formal ethical training and codes are bound to have a slim chance of success. The outcome of organisational goals is dependent on the leader’s capabilities to set the direction for employee behaviour, which includes promotion, strategies and appraisal (Brown & Mitchell 2010). This essay will examine how leadership integrity plays a part in building an ethical leadership, and also consider the other factors involved in building ethical leadership. Ethical leadership is mostly about leadership integrity Ethical leadership involve leaders to lead in a way that respects the dignity and rights of followers. It is especially important in the society today, when the public trust has been eroded by the actions of many, in both the profit and non-profit organisations. For instance, top executives of corporate organisations contributed to the recent credit crisis by reporting higher profits than actual, in order to enjoy greater compensation themselves (Berenbeim 2009). Ethical behaviour includes key principles such as integrity, honesty, and fairness. This is a situation where by leaders engage in behaviour that benefits others and refrains from behaviour that cause harm to others (Toor & Ofori 2009). Ethical leaders embody the purpose, vision and values of the management. They link up the organisational goals to that of the employees and stakeholders, giving a sense of direction to their employees’ work and ensure that organizational decisions are based upon sound moral values (Pic colo et al. 2010). Thus, an ethical leader who demonstrates leadership integrity is one with ‘right values’ and ‘strong character’, who set examples for others by constantly making efforts to incorporate moral principles in their beliefs, values and behaviour (Freeman & Stewart 2006). Hence, leadership integrity is one of the top attribute of an effective and good leader. Leadership integrity represents an honest, reliable and trustworthy person. It symbolizes a true commitment to perform the right action, regardless of the situation. One study has shown that the integrity of profit making by managers and business owners is a key point which makes a Fortune 500 organisation stands out from other competitors (Blanchard et al. 1997). Social learning theory (Bandura 1977, 1986) also aims to explain why followers’ perceptions of ethical leadership behaviour are influenced by the individual characteristics of the leader. Social learning theory suggests that individuals learn and follow the actions, attitudes, behaviour and values of credible role models (Bandura 1977, 1986). Ethical leaders are perceived to be role models with high ethical values and traits, such as leadership integrity, and thus, this encourage followers to establish their own framework of moral ideals and principles, which ultimately leads to moral action (Avolio 2005). Followers are also able develop a higher level of moral perspective and interpersonal ability through the provision of positive and constructive moral feedback given by the ethical leaders (Eisenberg 2000; Hoffman 1988). In a study developed by psychologist Dr. Robert Turknett, it was revealed that integrity is the foundation of his leadership character model, and hence, suggested that no leader can be successful without integrity (Turknett et al. 2005). He also notes that individuals with integrity are willing to stand up and defend for what is right, careful to ke ep promises, will not twist facts, and can be trusted to speak the truth. Furthermore, James Quigley, the global CEO of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, emphasized the importance of integrity and trust in the professional success of an individual (Quigley 2007). He highlighted that individuals who lacks integrity are not considered trustworthy, and will severely weaken an individual’s value to the organisation. Hence, the importance of integrity and character is highly valued in the workplace. Individuals who lack integrity, are not trustworthy, and will not be given responsibilities or opportunities, and thus, will be frowned upon by other employees in the organisation (Quigley 2007). Corporations with integrity leaders are often leaders in their own industries, and likely to do better than other competitor firms, achieving in their long-term financial goals. Other fundamental elements that make up ethical leadership In contrast, other studies have suggested that ethical leadership is not just about leadership integrity, but at the same time, it consists of a multi dimensional concept, with many other fundamental elements (Trevino & Brown 2004). Ethical leaders have to be seen as both a â€Å"moral person† and a â€Å"moral manager† (Trevino et al. 2000). The moral person aspect of ethical leadership can be seen as the personal characteristics and traits of the leader, such as personal integrity, honesty and trustworthiness, including the moral nature of the leader’s behaviour, such as expressing a genuine concern for others and treating people right, demonstrating personal morality, and being open and communicative. In the process of decision making, ethical leaders consider the ethical impact of their decisions, and based them upon ethical values and decision rules (Trevino & Brown 2004). It is therefore important that leaders themselves are indeed moral persons and explici tly demonstrate ethical behaviours to their followers. Their followers learn what to do and what not to do by observing their leaders behaviour, and are likely to imitate their leaders (Kaptein 2002). However, being perceived as a moral person is insufficient. A moral person only portrays the actions of the leader. It does not advice the followers what is expected of them. A moral manager creates ethical standards and expectation throughout the organisation by portraying ethical behaviour, traits and decision making. A moral manager posses three distinct characteristics. Firstly, a moral manager actively demonstrates ethical behaviours and lead through good examples. Secondly, rewarding morally appropriate conduct and punish unethical behaviours, strengthen the organisations’ ethical stance. Thirdly, a moral manager communicates ethical values and issues throughout the organisation openly (Brown et al. 2005). There are four types of leadership styles. They include the ethical leader, the hypocritical leader, the ethically neutral leader, and the unethical leader. An ethical leader is an individual who is both a moral person and a moral manager. This leader also has a strong influence in the organisation, with regards to the ethical culture, enforcing the goals of the organisation, and influencing the ethical values, norms and standards (Kalshoven et al. 2011). Next, a hypocritical leader is one who is not a strong ethical person but who attempts to place strong emphasis on ethics and values. These leaders often talk about ethics, but do not follow up with the action itself (Trevino et al. 2000). In such cases, the followers often perceive these acts only as a false front. Without any actions to match what the leader communicates about ethics and values, it points out issues that has yet to surface, and thus, is worse than not doing anything at all, which tarnish the reputation of the leader (Trevino et al. 2000). This result in the followers not trusting the leader, and becoming cynical in everything the leader says. Thirdly, the ethically neutral leader is seen as neither a strong ethical or unethical leader. An ethically neutral leader may be an ethical person, but do not take up an active leadership role is the important areas of ethics, and followers are uncertain of the leader’s stand on the issue of ethics. Hence, the ethically neutral leader is one who focuses on end results without setting any ethical goals. Lastly, a weak moral person and moral manager is an unethical leader. Furthermore, other studies have suggested that in addition to the first key attribute of leadership integrity, there are five other attributes that characterise ethical leaders, which includes, ethical awareness, managing ethical accountability, people oriented, motivating and encouraging and empowering (Resick et al. 2006). Firstly, ethical awareness is the ability and willingness to identify moral and ethical situations and problems. Hence, without being first able to identify the ethical issue present, even a leader with leadership integrity will not be able to act ethically, which will lead to a da maging effect on perceived ethical leadership (Resick et al. 2006). Secondly, ethical leaders have to learn to manage ethical accountability, through establishing and instilling a reward and punishment system. This ensures proper ethical standards and conduct are performed throughout the organisation (Resick et al. 2006). Thirdly, in order to be aware of how their actions will impact others, ethical leaders have to be people oriented, which highlights the selfless, external focus and responsibilities required of an ethical leader (Resick et al. 2006). Next, ethical leaders are also required to be motivating. Thus, even if ethical leaders possess leadership integrity, they have to be able to motivate, exert influence, and guide followers towards the organisational goals, ethical standards and norms (Resick et al. 2006). Lastly, ethical leaders must be encouraging and empowering, and thus delegate responsibilities and tasks to employees, and ensure that they are ethically responsible. This allows the employees to be independent and responsible, and hence convey ethical standards throughout the organisation (Resick et al. 2006). Emotional intelligence is another strong attribute and influence of ethical leadership, beside leadership integrity. Leaders with high emotional intelligence are able to stimulate an ethical organisation by openly communicating about ethical issues, gaining motivation, and increase ethical awareness. Ethical leaders who have high emotional intelligence are also very trusting, understanding, engaging and have the ability to inspire others (Gregory 2010). Such leaders develop a strong set of empathy and interpersonal skills, as well as people oriented skills. They are then able to understand the influence, and impact their behaviours and decisions on the stakeholders and employees in the organisation (Gregory 2011). One study highlighted that 89% of the respondents identified emotional intelligence as highly important and essential to meeting the organisations’ top challenges (Freeman 2007). Two other studies were also conducted with business students, and nurses in the US hospitals. The results of both studies revealed that emotional intelligence has a direct relationship with ethical awareness, and thus, higher emotional intelligence scores predict higher performance in ethics (Joseph et al. 2009; Deshpande 2009). Insights and analysis In reflection, leadership integrity is an important and essential attribute in building an ethical leadership. As discussed earlier, leadership integrity is highly valued in organisations, and the absence of it will likely result in followers losing trust and respect for the ethical leader. Hence, this means that followers will especially look up to ethical leaders with strong leadership integrity as these leaders are associated with having strong positive traits and characteristics, whom will likely do the right thing, given any circumstances, and supports the statement that ethical leadership is mostly about leadership integrity. In addition, Bandura’s social learning theory suggests that individuals learn and follow the actions, attitudes, behaviour and values of credible ethical leaders. Hence, this means that followers’ moral self-development is likely to be heavily influenced by the leader’s effort to model moral behaviours. Thus, this also supports the statement that ethical leadership is mostly about leadership integrity, because the qualities of the leader, such as leadership integrity, will influence the followers to model such behaviours and values. On the other hand, only the moral person aspect of ethical leadership place emphasis on the leader’s behaviour, traits and personal decision making towards ethical conduct. The behaviours and actions of a moral manager have an external focus of how the leader is seen by employees and stakeholders, as they aim to increase the ethical awareness and standard in the organisation. Thus, under Trevino’s definition of an ethical leader, leadership integrity belongs to the category of a moral person. However, the leader needs to be both a moral person and a moral manager, in order to be considered an ethical leader. Thus, this denies the statement that ethical leadership is mostly about leadership integrity, and supports the idea that leadership integrity is only one dimension of being an ethical leader. Secondly, Resick’s definition of the six key characteristics of an ethical leader belongs to the category of either a moral person or a moral manager, where leadership integrity, ethical awareness and people orientation falls into the category of moral person, while managing accountability, encouraging and empowering, and motivating belongs to the category of moral manager. Hence, this refute the statement that leadership integrity is mostly about leadership integrity, as it can be clearly seen that leadership integrity is only one aspect of the characteristics required of ethical leadership, as there are other important elements that effect ethical leadership as well. Thirdly, studies have also revealed that other than leadership integrity, the emotional intelligence of the leader is also another key factor in building an ethical leadership. Thus, this further supports the claim that that ethical leadership is not mostly about leadership integrity, but is also heavily influenced by the personal characteristics of leaders’ emotional intelligence. My personal stand is that though the behaviour, values, traits and personal characteristics such as leadership integrity, of an ethical leader is important, but, the ability to influence and affect followers to model such moral behaviours places an even greater emphasis in building a reputation of ethical leadership. As discussed earlier, the traits and behaviours of the moral manager addresses this aspect, and thus support my stand that ethical leadership is a multi dimension concept, which consists of many other fundamental elements other than just leadership integrity. Conclusion Ethical leaders bring about highly desired benefits to organisations. The personal characteristic of an ethical leader, such as leadership integrity is one key factor in building ethical leadership. However, there are also other elements involved which have a strong impact in building ethical leadership. Hence, in order to be effective ethical leaders, individuals with leadership integrity have to demonstrate that they are capable of motivating employees by creating and stimulating an ethical organisation, developing standards of ethical conduct and behaviour, and communicating openly on ethical issues, instilling a rewards and punishment systems, demonstrating ethical behaviour, and thereby increasing the ethical awareness in the organisation. References Avolio, B. J. 2005. Leadership development in balance: Made/Born. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Bandura, A. 1977. Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice–Hall. Bandura, A. 1986. Social foundations of thought and action. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice–Hall. Berenbeim R.E. 2009. Ethical Leadership, Maintain an Ethical Culture. A paper presented at the Global Leadership Development conference in Mumbai, India Blanchard, K. H., O’Connor, M., O’Connor, M. J., & Ballard, J. (1997). Managing by values: Berrett-Koehler Pub Brown M.E. & Mitchell, M.S. 2010. Ethical and Unethical Leadership: Exploring New Avenue for Future Research, Business Ethics. Brown M. E, Trevino L. K, & Harrison D. 2005. Ethical leadership: A social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, Vol. 97, pp. 117−134. Deshpande, S.P. 2009. A study of ethical decision making by physicians and nursesin hospitals. Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 90, pp. 387-397 Eisenberg, E.M. 2000. The kindness of strangers: Hospitality in organizational communication scholarship. In S. Corman & M. S. Poole (Eds.), Foundations of organizational communication: Finding common ground. NY: Guilford Freeman R.E. & Stewart L. 2006. Developing Ethical Leadership, A Bridge Paper of Business Roundtable Institute for Corporate Ethics. Freedman J, 2007 Workplace Issues Report, Six Seconds 2008. Gregory P, 2010, Ethical Leadership, Training journal, pp. 44-47 Hoffman, M. L. 1988. Moral development. In M. H. Bornstein & M. L. Lamb (Eds.), Developmental psychology: An advanced textbook (2nd ed., pp. 205-260). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Joseph J, Berry K, & Deshpande S P 2009. Impact of emotional intelligence and other factors on perception of ethical behavior of peers, Journal of Business Ethics. Kalshoven K, Den Hartog D, De Hoogh A, 2011, ‘Ethical leadership at work questionnaire: Development and validation of a multidimensional measure, The Leadership Quarterly, vol. 22, pp. 51-69 Kaptein M. 2002, Guidelines for the development of an ethics safety net. Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 41, pp. 217-234 Piccolo R.F, Greenbaum R, Den Hartog D.N. & Folger R. 2010.The Relationship between Ethical Leadership and Core Job Characteristics, Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol.31, pp.259–278. Quigley, J H. 2007. Trust – An Essential Asset: Creating Individual and Corporate Value, The Raytheon Lectureship in Business Ethics, Waltham: Bentley College, pp. 1-24. Resick, C, Hanges, P, Dickson, M, Mitchelson, J, 2006, ‘A Cross – Cultural Examination of the Endorsement of Ethical Leadership’, Journal of Business Ethics, Vol.63, pp. 345-358 Toor S. & Ofori G. 2009. Ethical Leadership: Examining the Relationships with Full Range Leadership Model, Employee Outcomes, and Organizational Culture, Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 90, pp.533–547. Trevino L. K. & Brown M 2004, Managing to Be Ethical: Debunking Five Business Ethics Myths, The Academy of Management Executive, Vol 18. No. 2, pp 69-83 Trevino L. K, Hartman, L. P, & Brown, M. 2000. Moral person and moral manager: How executives develop a reputation for ethical leadership. California Management Review, Vol. 42(4), pp.128-142 Turknett, Robert L., & Turknett, Carolyn N. 2005. Decent People Decent Company: How to Lead with Character at Work and in Life. Mountain View, CA: Davies-Black Publishing. Wesley S, Basran S, Hayward A. & Harris D. 2011, Corporate Ethics Policies and Programmes: UK and Continental Europe Survey 2010. A Publication of the Institute of Business Ethics. http://www.ibe.org.uk, viewed 1st September 2012.

North Korea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

North Korea - Essay Example One, there is a need for these major economies to impose enormous economic sanctions and lack of cooperation to ensure these countries doesn’t run smoothly, and these go a long way in minimizing some of this dictatorial leadership. For instance, they could be by avoiding their export and importing to them. United States and China could otherwise pursue a more but stern approach. This can be through the assistance of the United Nations to develop policies to be adopted by these countries and if possible change the leadership through fair and transparent election conducted by United Nations. This can start with diplomacy and bilateral dialogue amongst them. The fundamental root of the production of extremism and even violation of human rights by various leadership lies in a culture of oppressive political exclusion, added with religious bigotry, changing the political culture particularly by the United States would involve laying radical reforms and staring the country to a democratic culture that again would mean change of leadership even if it means use of military by help of United Nation Security Council. Change of leadership in many of such countries is seen more often than not as a new dawn especially through a fair democratic process (Song,

Understand a range of techniques to analyse data effectively for Essay

Understand a range of techniques to analyse data effectively for business purposes - Essay Example Mode can be applied by employees in knowing their salary scale. Mean can be applied by businesses to know the average cost of the employees’ salaries and it can be used to estimate the future costs. Mean can be used by employees to calculate the expected salary. Employees get an average salary of  £1248 Standard deviation is the measure of how numbers are spread out. In this case it shows how the salaries of employees are spread out. It shows how the salaries are different from the mean (Lind, Marchal & Wathen, 2010). A business may use quartile and percentile to make decisions. For instance, to set the prices of goods and services, they may also be applied in the setting of employees’ salaries. Correlation can also be applied in business decision making. Correlation is used to measure the linear relationship that is between two variables (Lind, Marchal & Wathen, 2010). If a relationship between the two variables is strong then altering one of the variables will affect the other variable. Thus a business is able to determine if it should change the variable and to what

Realistic in nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Realistic in nursing - Essay Example However, it is worth noting that nurses are also humans and are prone to common problems that affect humans. The only difference is that nurses have information. It can be argued that practicing what they teach is the problem due to extraneous factors. For example, nurses may advice diabetes patients on diet. However, they themselves may be unable to follow the diet they prescribe to patient and hence, they become diabetic. Physical and mental situation can be a genetic condition. It follows that a nurse may be unable to control it despite having information. In such situations, it becomes an irony or sarcastic for such a nurse to advice a patient who has the same condition. Such situations may demoralize a nurse to start doubting his or her importance. As such, patients should first consider nurses as human beings who are prone to health problems instead of expecting them to be perfect in terms of

Funding a restuarant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Funding a restuarant - Essay Example It is not a great idea to live without emergency money that is to help when things start going south. Banks tend not to support and savvy investors may also forsake the business owner unless they see him/her taking most of the risk. Risks tend to be like a barrier to stop people who are not sure of the way forward from committing an offense though, those ready to risk tend to attain their goals. One of the reasonable ways to have a source of income is by looking for external investors. This includes partners, friends and family, individuals searching for an investment, or the entire above combination. It is very good to make sure that every partner that is brought in your table are those that bring with them something that the group is missing. This is so since not every new partner comes because he/she has money that the business may need, some come because of their abilities and services that they will render to the company. This may include: amazing bookkeeping abilities, culinary prowess, a considerable amount of experience, marketing skills, host experience, efficiency expertise, knowledge of local dining, and operations skills (Fields, 2007). Bringing name recognition; it is not necessary for a partner to come with money or some skills or qualities. It can be a plausible reason to have a partner on board because of his popularity. This may include a popular or celebrity chef who is to show you how to perform behind the house activities or even attract customers because of his popularity and quality of service. Too many chefs spoil the soup. It is common knowledge that the more partners one has, the harder to align them. One should deal with decision-making controversies before he/she seeks for sources of financing, opening the restaurant’s doors or talking of the business plans. If the partners cannot come to an agreement at this, there are fair chances that any agreement will be reached and probably should not pursue the business together. If

Turkey Briefing as a Traditional Turkish Element Essay

Turkey Briefing as a Traditional Turkish Element - Essay Example This  is celebrated  as a spring festival within the  region  also linked to the Jewish festival of Purim. Extent of cultural  influence  of westernization and modernization Through development and urbanization, a  lot  of interactions among different state societies  occur  bringing about cultural intrusions, collisions and influences among themselves (David, 12). Turkey in the search for  development  and stability welcomed a  lot  of intrusions by other cultures through various activities. Such activities are such as  engagement  in cross cultural trading and social relations that  cause  interchange  and adoptions of various cultural aspects such as  religion. During the 1920s periods turkey underwent a system modernization program referred to as the â€Å"Kemalism† and through  vital  European tactics together with Turkish technocrats’ developed a successful development model (Belbor, 8). Various aspects of Turkish  cul ture  such as  religion, language and other practices significantly influenced through this westernization  process  and development. Cultural sensitivities visitors to Turkey should be aware of Visitors to any new region need to be sensitive to the norms of the region so as not to  spur  any conflicts of interests among them. These norms are  inclusive  of  political  governance, laws and cultural practices and observations. Taking of photographs of places considered as of cultural sensitivity such as of  religious  sites and temples should be seriously considered. Approximately ninety eight of the population is Muslim and  religious  aspects  are considered  to be a  personal  matters (Cloe, 5). As such visitors should adhere to respect of the local customs, traditional laws and religions of the region in all their actions to ensure they do not offend the natives. This should be  particularly  crucial  during  sensitive  periods and in   sensitive  places such as during the holly month period of  ramadhan  or when visiting  sacred, religious sites. Role of religion in Turkish society In  likeness  to other societies religion plays a highly diversified role in the community. Most of the norms and regulatory guidelines within the  society  are depicted  by  religion  (Howel, 21). The majority of the Turkish populations are Muslim, and they rely on this  religion  in their social  organization. The importance and roles within the institute of the family outlined in the religion with the roles of men and women dictated together with rules to be followed. It is also through this same religious belief that some rules and regulations of peace and  stability  followed within the nation. Islamic  religion  also holds a  position  for the passing of judgment and  punishment  of law offenders thus further strengthening the rule of law and functioning of the judicial system. How  valuable  is Islam to lives of the Turkish people Islam is the  principal  religion within the region, and it holds as the corner stone of society. Islam is the glue that holds and binds the  people  and other aspects of the people’s lives. Almost every aspect of the Turks lives revolves around the Muslim religion (John, 13). Through Islam, the structure and roles of the family established, and the expected norms of conduct outlined. Through this belief, people are able to interrelate well with each other also to respect the  importance  for the rule of law. Peace developed throughout the region through

Action plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Action plan - Essay Example According to the text, the relative advantage of this type of technology solution is that â€Å"attention-getting displays, immediate feedback, and interaction combine to create motivating practice† (Roblyer, 2005, pg. 54). For Phase 1 of the checklist, the aim is to determine relative advantage. In addition to what was noted above regarding the relative advantage, the teacher has noted that she has difficulty teaching these basic math skills to her students as they become bored and their minds drift elsewhere. This is certainly a good area for technology-based software to help out. The relative advantage of this software choice justifies any effort and expense that may be involved in acquiring basic drill-and-practice mathematics software (Roblyer, 2005). For Phase 2 of the checklist, the goal is to decide on objectives and assessments. The teacher expects for her students to quickly be able to make basic multiplication and division calculations in their head quickly after the new technology has been implemented. The best way to assess student learning would be through two angles: the feedback that is provided instantly by the technology and through traditional paper tests that contain the same kinds of problems. No additional testing instruments will need to be developed in this case (Roblyer, 2005). For Phase 3 of the checklist, the goal is to design integration strategies. The instruction in this case will be single-subject. Students will work individually with the software, and activities should be directed. In order to encourage females and minority children to participate, they will be shown the benefits and interesting features of the game. The games should alternate between multiplication and division drills. Students will have plenty of time to learn the material via this method before it is graded, but the school will need to

Heal hospital Essay Example for Free

Heal hospital Essay The healing hospital paradigm emphasizes the eradication of stress and other health risks in the healthcare environment for patients and visitors. The factors that influence these health risks are inherent to the setting of the hospital, not the illnesses being treated. For instance, patients become stressed because of painful therapeutic procedures, lack of social life, deterioration of financial status because of healthcare expenditures, etc. In order to guarantee that the patients well being is maintained, the amount of stress must be curtailed. Additionally, the all-inclusive care and attention components of the paradigm guarantees that the patients recovery process are utilized to the zenith without infringing upon their dignity and privacy. Instead of just simply curing the disease, the healing hospital paradigm incorporates the healing of the whole patient (Young Koopsen, 2006). This is served from the paradigms focus on healing beyond the physical body. It intends to improve the overall welfare of the individual by not only addressing the patients cognitive, emotional, and spiritual concerns, but also those of the familys (Milstein, 2005). In order to develop a healing environment, certain barrier must be overcome within the context of the hospital setting. This paper will analyze the healing hospital paradigm, recognize its significance in care giving method, portray its aspects, and depict its connections to spirituality. Healing Hospital Aspects A healing hospital goes beyond windows, walls, and mortar. Its strong culture of love and caring is what sets it apart from traditional hospitals (Chapman, 2010). The healing hospital is composed of three essential aspects. Healing Environment Hospitals should be a healing physical environment. This denotes that hospitals should be free of any physical disturbances that could potentially cause stress. These outside factors consist of excessive noise, a morbid or  dull environment, and panic-inducing disorganization. In order to diminish these external environmental factors, employees must meticulously construct an organized hospital setting that complies with the aspects of a physical healing environment. Employees are given the proper training to become successful caregivers who are cognizant in patient and family interaction. This method of interaction will help patients and families cope with their grief and deal with their concerns. By engaging all five senses, the environment is designed to establish a spiritual relationship. Stefanidakis states that by choosing the appropriate colors, human behavior will be influenced to the desired effects and psychological systems will be established (2001). For example, the color green denotes a healing and nurturing environmentone symbolizing unconditional love and growth. This is due to the fact that color has the incredible ability to trigger emotional responses such as peacefulness, irritability, or cheerfulness. Furthermore, designing the hospital interior in a manner that resembles a church or temple promotes spirituality. This can be done by including religious artifacts such as rosary beads. However, the patient must feel in control of the environment in order for stress relief to occur. This control can be achieved with lighting, temperature, etc. Integrating Technology and Work Design Technology plays a large role in the healing hospital paradigm. Its interweaving into the healing hospital structure permits staff members to work with systematic efficiency, routing work in a way that amplified the patients and familys comfort. In this more tranquil environment, patients receive much more sleep and, thus allow their bodies sufficient time to heal. Equipped with technological advancements such as cleaning machines with internal silencers and wireless phones for direct communication with the healthcare team, employees are competent in the effective use of this technology. Thus, they advocate a quiet and healing ambience. Developing a low stress environment, the staff is prone to fewer distractions. The lack of distraction leads to a decrease in common medical errors. The Culture of Loving Care Former executive of the Baptist Healing Hospital Trust Erie Chapman believes that the most important aspect of the healing hospital intertwined treatment with a significant component consisting of love, care, and empathy (Chapman, 2010). Constructing an intriguing culture in which the staff members are cognizant of their duties and are adept at unreservedly executing them through is a fundamental aspect of the healing hospital. All caregivers must advocate unconditional love for patients as well as visitors by incorporating it into their daily actions. Compassionate care through relationships in which the patient is the center is the basis on which the development of the healing hospital rests. Staff members inspire hope by exhibiting unconditional love through the utilization of compassionate care and the minimization of grief and stress levels of the patients and their families. Additionally, prayer strengthens hope and grounds the healing hospital in a spiritual relationship. Challenges of the Healing Hospital Environment As stated by Chapman (2010), there are five challenges that healing hospitals must conquer constantly. First, the growing amount of medical technology such as wires, tubes, and pharmaceuticals has monopolized healthcare to the point that healthcare professionals have forgotten the healing essentials such as the loving care method and the belief in the unification of body, mind, and spirit. Identifying the demand for, and providing balance between loving care and technology results in a raise in patient satisfaction. Next, the progression of technology has resulted in a tremendous focus on profits and market share rather than care. Although much ignored and neglected, the â€Å"Servants’ Heart† are faithful to their duty to provide Radical Loving Care; this is where leaders play an important role in â€Å"taking care of the people who take care of people† (Chapman, 2010). Thirdly, intimacy between patients and employees are often stripped as traditional hospitals and prisons partake in a type of institutionalism that destroys identity. By substituting patients clothes with hospital garments, names with identification numbers, and privacy with sharing rooms with strangers, a common institutionalism is set. Moreover, visiting hours restrictions have  the tendency to make a patient feel as though he or she is a hostage. In contrast, caregivers are often required to perform repetitive tasks with unparalleled precision. This is referred to as a bureaucracy or an organization that resembles a difficult-to-work-with machine (Chapman, 2010). In addition, cynicism is deleterious when it comes to caring for the patient. Believer or not, love should not be seen as a â€Å"nice thing† but as a â€Å"vital part† of patient’s recovery (Chapman, 2010). Healing is multi-faceted and and embodies the physical, emotional, and spiritual concerns of the patients. Lastly, leadership is a dig munificent component in patient healing. Given the opportunity and responsibility to prioritize loving care, leaders are encouraged to make sure their caregivers provide it. Biblical Passage Supporting the Concept of a Healing Hospital James 5:14-15 illustrates Jesus healing of the ill. In particular, Jesus asks if there are any ill people in the crowd. If there are, they should call for the elders of the church for an anointing with the sacred oil. This type if anointment will heal the sick because of their faith through the power of prayer (King James Version). This advocates the healing hospital paradigm since it recognizes a clear relationship between healing and prayer. This passage enforces the same belief, whereby the importance of the spiritual aspect of the healing process is brought to light. Since it is rooted in spirituality, prayer can effectively instill hope in patients and families. Though a relatively new turn in the medical profession, the healing hospital is increasingly gaining in popularity. Not only affecting the body but also the patients and familys overall well being, the patient-centric attention and care facilities provided by the hospital adds to the healing hospital paradigm in a member that highlights radical love and compassionate care. Through spirituality, the healing hospital paradigm draws on hope and coping strategies, and thus forged support for its practices from both secular and religious communities. As in scriptures, a body frees itself of sin through piety and community, and with that community comes hope and solace. References Chapman, E. (2010). Radical loving care: building the healing hospital in America. Nashville, TN: Vaughn Printing. Milstein, J. (2005). A paradigm of integrative care: healing with curing throughout life, â€Å"being with† and â€Å"doing to†. Journal of Perinatology, 25, 563-568. doi: 10.1038/sj.jp.7211358 Stefanidakis, S. (2001). Healing with color and the human aura. Retrieved February 11, 2011 from www.fst.org/aura2.htm Young, C., Koopsen, C. (2006). Spirituality, health, and healing (1 ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.

IPSec Tunnel and transport Modes Essay Example for Free

IPSec Tunnel and transport Modes Essay Computer networking security is one of the primary concerns of any network systems. In this case, protecting the data transferred between channels should be a primary concern for any entities that use networking. This article will discuss IPSec Tunnel and Transport Modes. IPsec is short for Internet Protocol Security. This is a special suite to secure the Internet protocol data transfers and communication by encrypting each packet of data stream. IPsec may also include protocols so that mutual authentication can be established between any agents during sessions of data transfers. One of the main reasons why IPsec is used is to protect the integrity of data that flows from one channel to another, say for example between a computer and a user or a computer to a server. What is IPSec transport mode? In this mode, only the payload or the data that the user transfers is encrypted for authentication (Technet Microsoft, 2005). The routing of data in this mode is intact so there is no modification possible. The transport schemes are always secured by a hash. Transport mode is commonly utilized for host-to-host transfers and communications. On the other hand, with the IPsec tunnel mode, the whole of the IP packet is encrypted and authenticated before communications happen (Technet Microsoft, 2005). It is encased into a newly generated IP packet with a new header. Usually, tunnel more is used to build a Virtual Private Network for such a network to network communications or host to network communications. The tunnel mode can be applied to any of the following: Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2003 R2, Windows Server 2003 with SP1, Windows Server 2003 with SP2 (Technet Microsoft, 2005).

Ritual Communication And The Transmission Communication Model Cultural Studies Essay

Ritual Communication And The Transmission Communication Model Cultural Studies Essay Communication is a process of transferring information from one entity to another, thus the reason most of us spend about 75 percent communicating our knowledge, thoughts, and ideas to others. The communication process is sign mediated interactions between two or more people. The James Carey article discerns between two alternative models of communication that were dominant at one point or another in the history of western civilization. These two views were characterized as transmission and ritual. Both these views exist in everyday communication; however it is not always clear which one is in operation since communication is such a mundane thing. This essay will attempt to help in distinguishing between the two through analysis of the James W. Carey article A Cultural Approach to Communication. The transmission model of communication is the one that is most prominent both in our society, and most industrial cultures. The transmission model of communication focuses on the transportation of a message from a sender to a receiver in hopes of disseminating information. Moreover this model of communication attempts to influence others across space. From day one humans have been trying to enable sending information from one entity to another instantly; however it wasnt until the telegraph that this was possible. Motives for this instantaneous transmission through space was due to the need for political governance and the supply and demand factors of economics. The fact that a motive for instantaneous transmission was for political governance shows the underlying truth behind the transmission model of communication was to attempt control of distance (i.e. close the gap between space) and people. Furthermore we see the transmission model of communication as a way to spread knowledge beyond geographical boundaries and educate others. Therefore if one were to further analyse the motives behind instantaneous movement in space the church/religious reasons become evident key players. For instance Carey states that this movement in space was an attempt to establish and extend the kingdom of God, to create the conditions under which godly understanding might be realized, to produce a heavenly though still terrestrial city (Carey 39)Thus the vast movement through space was to establish and extend Gods kingdom on earth. If we were to look at society today it is clear that the most dominant religion today is the Christian and Catholic faith. In my opinion the control of space through instantaneous transmission was exceptionally successful, further emphasizing religious reasons were a major motive. Supplementary evidence of this comes from the invention of the telegraph. This is because when it was first invented and used the first thing that was transmitted was what hat h God wrought (Carey 39) this showed a strong religious connection. The transmission view of communication was seen as the sending of information between sender and receiver for the goal of dissemination of knowledge over space. Therefore if one were to look at the newspaper under the transmission view, it would be seen as a medium seeking to inform, not to integrate us in the national and worldwide events. In my opinion examining the newspaper under the transmission view desensitizes the events around us, since we are not taking on the personalities in the news but merely being informed. Without integration one could argue that we become without emotion when reading the newspaper under the transmission view. This view of communication is the one the truly dominates our capitalistic culture. On the other hand the ritual view of communication is the older of the two views and is the one that has the lesser effect on our society today. As basic metaphor for the ritual view of communication is considered ceremony, where the participants roles are actually participants not sender receiver like in the transmission view. The ritual view of communication focuses on the sharing of information and the preservation across time. In addition the ritual view of communication is not concerned with disseminating messages over space. In the opinion of James Carey in a ritual definition, communication is linked to terms such as sharing, participation, association, fellowship, and the possession of a common faith (Carey 40) Therefore this view of communication calls for integration of the participants since it draws people together in fellowship and commonality, much like church for certain religions. One would not simply go to church and not participate in the singing, praying, and joyo us clapping that takes place. An argument against the ritual view of communication could be that since it is culturally biased, there could be some ethnocentric problems. This is because not everyone shares the same beliefs, so some rituals may offend others or they might misunderstand. When examining the newspaper under the ritual view, you are not intended to gain information from it, but to become one with the stories within the paper. Like the definition of ritual views says you become a participant. Under the ritual view medias are not used for social interaction, i.e. discussing television show with friends during conversation, but are instead forms of social integration. With all the reality TV shows around us nowadays there is some evidence that the ritual view of communication is making a slight comeback. This is because reality TV shows try to integrate the audience with the events in the show to form social connection. Reality TV shows are able to facilitate a sense of be longing, refuge and community even if the audience isnt directly interacting, for instance the, The Biggest Loser had a huge effect on many people. Therefore under the ritual view of communication people are more inclined to take on vicarious roles depending on the media used. From reading the Carey article I would tend to say that he prefers the ritual view of communication because he feels that the transmission view is over used in todays society. In addition Carey feels that the transmission view of communication can no longer keep up with technology or the social change of modern time, Although it led to solid achievement it could no longer go forward without disastrous intellectual and social consequences (Carey 42) My interpretation of this is that Carey feels that with the transmission model of communication it will fail to keep up with technology and will lose its control over space. For example nowadays the government is having trouble controlling peer to peer file sharing, which in a sense follows the transmission model. Therefore the social consequence of this is damage to intellectual property. Carey doesnt hate the transmission model; he would just rather see more of the ritual view of communication, since there is an influx of transmission co mmunication around us. Everywhere we look transmission communication has a hold/control of us. Transmission communication is analogous to the hypodermic needle effect. Meaning whatever we see in the mass media through transmission communication has a direct and powerful effect upon the audience. An excellent example of this is advertisements; commercials for trucks are made to control our thoughts and beliefs about the product in a positive way, which eventually leads to us going to buy the product. However under the ritual view this commercial would have helped us in connecting with a certain group or role. In conclusion, models of communication are, then, not merely representation of communication but representations for communication. (Carey 47) Therefore different models of communication allow us to communicate effectively depending on the situation, if we were advertising we would definitely want to communicate through the transmission model.

People In The Government :: essays research papers

Approval of the Journal 1. The Speaker shall take the Chair on every legislative day precisely at the hour to which the House last adjourned and immediately call the House to order. Having examined and approved the Journal of the last day’s proceedings, the Speaker shall announce to the House his approval thereof. The Speaker’s approval of the Journal shall be deemed agreed to unless a Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner demands a vote thereon. If such a vote is decided in the affirmative, it shall not be subject to a motion to reconsider. If such a vote is decided in the negative, then one motion that the Journal be read shall be privileged, shall be decided without debate, and shall not be subject to a motion to reconsider. Preservation of order 2. The Speaker shall preserve order and decorum and, in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct in the galleries or in the lobby, may cause the same to be cleared. Control of Capitol facilities 3. Except as otherwise provided by rule or law, the Speaker shall have general control of the Hall of the House, the corridors and passages in the part of the Capitol assigned to the use of the House, and the disposal of unappropriated rooms in that part of the Capitol. Signature of documents 4. The Speaker shall sign all acts and joint resolutions passed by the two Houses and all writs, warrants, and subpoenas of, or issued by order of, the House. The Speaker may sign enrolled bills and joint resolutions whether or not the House is in session. Questions of order 5. The Speaker shall decide all questions of order, subject to appeal by a Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner. On such an appeal a Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner may not speak more than once without permission of the House. Form of a question 6. The Speaker shall rise to put a question but may state it sitting. The Speaker shall put a question in this form: â€Å"Those in favor (of the question), say ‘Aye.’ †; and after the affirmative voice is expressed, â€Å"Those opposed, say ‘No.’ †. After a vote by voice under this clause, the Speaker may use such voting procedures as may be invoked under rule XX. Discretion to vote 7. The Speaker is not required to vote in ordinary legislative proceedings, except when his vote would be decisive or when the House is engaged in voting by ballot.

Vision of Heaven in the Poetry of Dickinson Essay -- Biography Biograp

Vision of Heaven in the Poetry of Dickinson      Ã‚  Ã‚   Emily Dickinson never became a member of the church although she lived in a typical New England Puritan community all her life. The well-known lines, "Some - keep the Sabbath - going to church - / I - keep it - staying at Home -" (P-236 [B]; J-324),1 suggest her defiance against the existing church and Christianity of her time in particular. And her manner of calling the Deity by such terms as "Burglar," "Banker" (P-39; J-49), and "a jealous God" (P-1752; J-1719) clearly discloses her antagonism against the Christian God. In fact, she insistently rejected being baptized even when her family members and intimate friends at Mount Holyoke Female Seminary had chosen to bow in faith before the Christian Lord. It is no exaggeration to say that Dickinson tried to deviate from the orthodox religious belief prevalent in the society she lived in.    Nevertheless, Dickinson was an avid reader of the Bible, and as Fordyce R. Bennett states in the preface to A Reference Guide to the Bible in Emily Dickinson's Poetry, "Dickinson found story and situation, syntax, symbolism and imagery, inspiration, and much more in the King James Bible" (xi). That is to say, no matter how much she felt uncomfortable among the Christian circle of the New England community of her day, she endeavored to "keep the Sabbath" (P-236 [B]; J-324) in her own way through the most reliable source, the Christian Scripture, which came to her hands quite easily.    The purpose of this paper, then, is to discuss Dickinson's poetry with reference to the Bible†¹especially, the Book of Revelation. One of her poems poses a question: "To that etherial throng / Have not each one of us the rig... ...sachusetts, 1985. Gilbert, Sandra M., and Susan Gubar. The Madwoman in the Attic: The Woman Writer and the Nineteenth-Century Literary Imagination. New Haven: Yale UP, 1979. Sewall, Richard B. The Life of Emily Dickinson. 2 vols. 1974. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1980. Wolff, Cynthia Griffin. Emily Dickinson. 1986. Reading: Addison, 1988. Works Consulted Capps, Jack L. Emily Dickinson's Reading 1836-1886. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1966. Dickinson, Emily. The Poems of Emily Dickinson. Ed. Thomas H. Johnson. 3 vols. Cambridge: Belknap-Harvard UP, 1955. McIntosh, James. Nimble Believing: Dickinson and the Unknown. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 2000. Mounce, Robert H. The Book of Revelation. Rev. ed. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1998. Rosenbaum, S. P., ed. A Concordance to the Poems of Emily Dickinson. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1964.   

Morals and Ethics of Cloning

Regardless of what our future holds, it will be based on the decisions we make today.   Those decisions can be made using the Utilitarian Theory which states that we are doing good for the greatest number of people.   Using Rule Utilitarianism â€Å"which maintains that a behavioral code or rule is morally right if the consequences of adopting that rule are more favorable than unfavorable to everyone. (IEP)† is justifiably noted that if a consensus is formed on the basis of rules that govern cloning, and these rules are broken, the appropriate punishment will result.This is because cloning a human will not benefit the society as a whole; it would do more harm than good.   We all have rules that govern our society over what is right or wrong and we know that these rules are set forth to maintain order.   We have laws because it benefits the majority of the people.Principles of Consequences state that when looking at the end result, the correct action will be the action that produces the greatest amount of happiness (Usury).   To decide if human cloning produces the greatest amount of happiness we have one question still in need of an answer is â€Å"Are human embryos really human?† Well, the term ‘human' proceeding the term 'embryo' should adequately answer the question.The embryo are cloned from human tissue, contain human DNA, thus there is likely a 100 percent chance that the embryos are indeed human, as opposed to being tadpole embryos. Therefore, biologically speaking a clone is no less a human than you or I. And using that human for tissue simply because he/she was cloned rather than conceived does not validate the notion, nor skip around the moral and ethical implications of taking the life of another human being.   Death is not a happy occasion therefore it does not produce the greatest amount of happiness to the majority of the population.Cloning is the process of taking cells from a donor, placing them in a culture dish where the nutrients are  minimal, so the cells stop dividing and switch their â€Å"active genes†. The cells are then put next to an unfertilized egg. The nucleus is sucked out of the egg leaving an empty egg cell containing all the cellular machinery necessary to produce an embryo. An electric shock is used to fuse the egg and cell together. A second shock is then used to mimic the act of fertilization and help begin cell division. After the egg has successfully moved to the stage of an embryo it is then placed in to the uterus of a surrogate mother. When born, all the genes are the same as the donor of the cell.In 1997 Dr. Ian Wilmut, a British scientist successfully cloned a sheep named Dolly.   This turned the scientific world upside-down. The success of the experiment is considered by all as an amazing achievement in science. However, ethics and morals must surface to regulate cloning. It is understood that individuality is the most important part of life. Individual ity is given to a person at birth and considered a right they will have for rest of their life.There is also a fear that the clone may only be produced to live the life of the clone, thus causing severe emotional damage as well pain and suffering for the clone. The progression of the clone may be limited, the advance in idea development will slowly die off. Evolution could come to a halt, because with clones, diversity will be limited and there will not be as many advances in society. The cells, in all humans, will all be the same and there will not be a process of natural selection and diversity.Another controversial question facing the cloning process is: How will the clones be treated? The emotions of the clones need to be taken in to consideration; after all they are humans too. â€Å"What is common to these various views, however, is a shared understanding that being a ‘person' is different from being the manipulated ‘object' of other peoples desires and expectatio ns†(Biomedical Ethics).   People, as clones, will be studied, prodded, and poked which in turn will cause much unwanted anxiety and emotional distress.There will also be problems with relationships between parents and the clone for understandable reasons.   It will bring up a lot of unwelcome stress for the clone when one â€Å"parent† is an anonymous donor of an egg and the other is Dr. Frankenstein. Some may argue that a child is a child and the parents should love their child unconditionally.   However, the bond between the clone and the parents who care for the clone may have awkward encounters.   The love and affection that is provided for most children will not be the same due to the fact that the clone is considered to be more of an experiment rather than a child. Another argument may be that artificial insemination has already taken the step of engineering babies.   However, artificial insemination is used for parents who can not have children but feel they could provide a loving environment for them.Despite the abundant differences and backgrounds of the world today all most people agree that coitus (sex)  is the naturally preferred way to conceive a child.   With the cloning process the necessity to have coitus will not be needed.   â€Å"Is there something about the individual that is lost when the mystical act of conceiving a person becomes standardized into a mere act of photocopying one† (Time)?The parent's will not have to conceive a child, just order one from a catalog and have it arrive next day air.   It will take away the personal feeling and romance   that having â€Å"a child of   your own† creates. Part of the bliss of having a child is the mystery behind it. Is it a boy? A girl? Who does it look like?   Cloning will take away from the pleasures that have been happening for countless years and the elements of surprise will fade in to mail order babies.Another very touchy issue is the ques tion of, is the medical world   taking to much control?   It is stated by scientists that if they are allowed to clone people, one won't have to worry about organ donations or blood drives in order for people to survive. The scientists will  simply clone an organ and replace the faulty one in the human. As simple as this seems, the issue of who they can use to clone comes up.   Finding the ideal person to clone is hard enough, now try to get one with the right blood type, size, and gender.The numbers decrease and it seems as if the scientists would have to clone someone for each person.   If this is true, would the clones be stored somewhere, or able to roam around the world until they were needed to fill their role?   Once again the rights of the clones come up and the thought of clone farms creates a sort of â€Å"yuck† factor for everyone.According to Time Magazine,   â€Å"Out of 277 tries, the researchers eventually produced only 29 embryos that survived l onger than six days† out of the remaining 29 only one survived and was born. The percentage is very low leaving people wondering if it is  even worth the time and effort put in.   â€Å"Some clones may indeed be growing old before their time†(U.S. News).   The research states that the clones will not live a whole life due to the one cell that has been cloned is older and effects the rest of the clones cells making them advance prematurely.  Ã‚   Instead of using science to lengthen the life of a human cloning will decrease the length of life by half.Scientists need to reconsider how they are manipulating the world.   Based on the information provided through the research, doctors should step back and take a look at the morals and ethics of cloning humans and evaluate if it is really worth the risk doctors are taking.The bad consequences out way the good, therefore we cannot assume that the benefit of human cloning will solve life's problems.   To this day we have yet to find a cure for the common cold.   This is because most diseases have a way of surviving, as did the human race during the ice age.   Everything finds a way to adapt to it's environment and if the benefits major benefit for cloning is to cure diseases, then we are at a loss.   The fight for life â€Å"survival of the fittest† can sum it up.If we result to cloning as a means for reproduction, then who is to say that our bodies might not adapt to this, only allowing for this type of reproduction?   Only then will we realize that in our effort to gain knowledge and power over every other living thing, did we fail.   Everything on this earth has to be in perfect balance, and when we continue to tamper with Mother Nature, she finds a way to fight back.  Ã‚   For example, the ozone layer is being depleted because of chemical agents produced and released into the atmosphere by man.   As a result, the ozone layer can longer protect our skin as it used too, causing more cases of skin cancer every year.   I believe that if you push someone, or in this case, something (Mother Nature) hard enough, she will push back.   We need to take things as they are given to us, the good and the bad.   When we try to beat the odd, sometimes the odds beat us.BibliographyBiomedical Ethics Opposing Viewpoints. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, Inc, 1998 Cloning (1998).   How to Clone a Human (Version 1.1). [On-line] Biofact November 8, 1999. Available: http://www.biofact.com/cloning/human.html Cloning (1998).   Human Cloning Plans.   [On-line] NPR  Ã‚   November 8, 1999 Available â€Å"Dolly, Polly, Gene-send in the clones† Science News.   January 23, 1997.   pp.127 Cloning (1999).   Should Cloning Be Banned?   [On-line] Reasons  Ã‚   November 5, 1999 Available: http://www.reasons.com /biclone.html Kluger, Jeffrey.   â€Å"Goodbye, Dolly† Time  Ã‚   June 7, 1999. pp.70 Nash, J.   â€Å"The Age of Cloning†Ã‚   Time   March 10, 19997. pp.60-75 Macklin, Ruth.   â€Å"Human cloning?   Don't just say no†. U.S. News &World Report. March10, 1997. pp. 64 Couzin, Jennifer   â€Å"What's Killing The Clones?†Ã‚   U.S. News & World Report.   May24, 1999.   pp.65

Employment Laws Chart Essay

Prevents discrimination of the hiring, compensation, conditions, and privileges of employment by basing them on on race, religion, color, sex, or nationality Heart of Atlanta Motel INC., v. United States  ensures every person is equal chance of getting hired based on their qualifications regardless of, sex race, color, religion, or national origin employers are required to post signs with the Title VII contents in company break-rooms Equal Employment Opportunity Act Prevents employers from discriminating against employees on the basis of age, race, sex, creed, religion, color, or national origin McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green Ensures that the Civil Rights Act is being followed and gives power to the Equal Opportunity Employment Commission Companies adopted practices that prevented discrimination in compliance with Equal Opportunity Employment Act. Equal Pay Act  mandates that men and women working in the same role within a company be given equal pay for equal work Schultz v. Wheaton Glass Co. 1970 Mandates that everyone is paid the equal wages for identical jobs regardless of their sex Merit based, knowledge based, and experience are criteria for pay rate rather than gender Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 Protects employees ages 40 to 65 from discrimination Gomez v. Potter The importance of the ADEA is that it protects the older employees from discrimination. Wal-Mart for example hires older people specifically for the use as door greeters Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 Prohibits discrimination against an essentially qualified individual, and requires companies to accommodate individuals reasonably Tennessee v. Lane in 2004 The importance of this act is that it requires companies to make reasonable accommodations for disabled employees so they will be able to perform their job Companies accommodate employees with disabilities by using TTD, speaking technology, and elevators Civil Rights Act of 1991 The updated version of this act nullified select supreme Court decisions and reinstates burden of proof by employer and allows for punitive and compensatory damages through jury trials Wards Cove Packing Co. v. Atonio Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) of 1993 Permits employees in organizations of 50 or more workers to take up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave for circumstances outlined in the act The importance of this act is that it makes it easier to balance family, work and other obligations without fearing losing their jobs If you have a child, adopt a child, or if you yourself become sick or have a sick parent, child, or spouse you may be eligible to take unpaid time off to be with them without the job loss. Privacy Act of 1974 protects certain federal government records pertaining to individuals. In particular, the Act covers systems of records that an agency maintains and retrieves by an individual’s name or other personal identifier Individuals have the right to look at their employee file to make sure that information is accurate Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988 This act requires some federal contractors and all federal grantees agree that they will provide drug free workplaces as a precondition of receiving a contract or grant from the Federal Government Enacted by Congress as part of an anti-drug legislation in 1988 The importance of this act is that it ensures the safety of all employees by ensuring that no one will be working while under the influence of drugs Drug testing as part of an application process and if an employee is hurt on the job most companies require a drug test when they go to the hospital Polygraph Protection Act of 1988 Prohibits employers to use polygraph tests in a job application process On June 27, 1988, Congress enacted the Employee Polygraph Protection Act 1 to regulate the use of lie detector devices in the workplace The importance of this act is that it protects employees from violating privacy issues by  asking non job related It is unreasonable for employers to give potential employees polygraph test Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (WARN) of 1988 Makes sure that employers give notification to employees about plant closings or lay-offs This became law without President Ronald Reagan’s signature through the use of veto-proof Democratic majority in Congress The importance of this law is to protect employees because of a shut down or layoff, requiring employees be given a 60-day notice ease the burden of losing their jobs, some companies give severance packages based on the employees years of service with the company

Broken Home?

The effects of broken homes on children are traumatic. Broken homes can cause children to question their self-worth, to experience unnecessary grief, guilt and/or confusion. Young children especially, have difficulty understanding the rationalities of their parents' decisions to divorce. All they know is that their parents used to live together and now they don't, used to â€Å"love† each other and now they don't. Children often take responsibility for parents' decisions to divorce.They conclude that they were the cause of the quarrels and ensuing divorce. They question whether or not their parents love them or are mad at them. It is so important for children to have a stable home life. In a broken home it is difficult for children to find a sense of security because experience shows them that what seemed stable and good fell to pieces and left them feeling empty, yet full of questions.Growing up in a broken home may also cause children to have difficulty in future relationshi ps and cause them to struggle with the issue of trust. People who grew up in broken homes and get married are also more likely to end up divorced because their parents didn't provide a healthy model of marriage. They saw parents end disputes with divorce rather than working through them together. They may run from commitment or avoid relationships all together.They may also develop a emotion of fear toward marriage because they do not want to relive the grief they experienced as a child, nor do they want to have children and risk putting them through the same hurtful circumstances. broken home | | a house containing a family that is set apart due to tensions and certain problems. ex: a kid's parents constantly fight and he/she feels lonely, depressed, angry. that is a product of a broken home, who may usually get away from the problems by doing bad things (drugs,drink,etc†¦ ). |

Idolatry and Quote

â€Å"Sometimes at pagan shrines they vowed offerings to idols, swore oaths that the killer of souls might come to their aid and save the people. † (Beowulf, pg. 13, lines 176-179) a) The main point of this quote is that the Danes, or people of Hrothgar’s kingdom, started asking for help from false idols, breaking the first two commandments of God, and that they are also asking the Devil, Satan, to rid them of his own creation, Grendel. They are retreating to their paganism, their original religion, and they are worshiping the opposite of God (good), Satan (evil). ) This quote connects to one theme in Beowulf: Good conquers evil. The Danes should not resort to their paganism because God will help them at his own pace and even if they die, they will be forever unified with Him in Heaven. They shouldn’t ask Satan, the killer of souls, for help because they will receive nothing in return and they will rot in hell during their after-life. Good will always defeat evil even if it doesn’t seem like there is any hope. God will answer their prayers as long as they have faith and remain free of false idol worship.An interesting idea or words in this quote is that the author reveals to us that the Danes resorted to paganism even though they knew God would save them and even though they knew they were breaking God’s commandments. The author is trying to warn readers to not resort to false idol worship in times of struggle because God will save us and even if we die due to any particular reason, the reward will be Heaven and being united with God forever. 2. â€Å"Undaunted, sitting astride his horse, the coast-guard answered: Anyone with gumption and a sharp mind will take the measure of two things: what’s said and what’s done. (Beowulf, pg. 21, lines 286-289)The main point of this quote is that true warriors will do what they say and they are not all talk but no action. The guard of Hrothgar says this to Beowulf and his tr oops, and he is saying that a great leader must speak as well as deliver. A great leader and warrior has the ability to speak and to act accordingly. This quote reveals to us that someone who can deliver what they say has wit, fortitude, spirit. b) This quote connects to one theme in Beowulf: Actions speak louder than words. Setting an example and being a leader does not only mean being able to give a good speech.One must be able to perform what they say without hesitation to be regarded as a mighty warrior and true leader. If you are considered to be a mighty warrior with wit, fortitude and spirit, you must be able to do what you say you can do. c) An interesting idea or words in this quote is that the author uses a guard to challenge Beowulf’s identity to prove to us that he is truly a hero and that he does what he says to others. This also reveals to us that Beowulf is a great leader and that he is not afraid to take on any evil, like Grendel, that stands in his way. . â⠂¬Å"With measured words she welcomed the Geat and thanked God for granting her wish that a deliverer she could believe in would arrive to ease their afflictions. † (Beowulf, pg. 43, lines 625-628) a) The main point of this quote is that Wealtheow, queen of Hrothgar, asked God for a hero to save them all from Grendel and her prayers were answered when Beowulf came to rid them of their troubles and pain. Beowulf is the deliverer, which refers to Jesus as the Messiah and as the Saviour of sins.He came to rid them of the evil monster that lurks about them and causes havoc in the kingdom. b) This quote connects to one theme in Beowulf: Good conquers evil. Beowulf is the good in the quote and he is going to try and kill Grendel, who is the evil that had been terrorizing Hrothgar’s kingdom for twelve winters. Even if the evil is overwhelming, good will always triumph no matter how deadly or destructive the evil is. God always has a plan to conquer evil and Satan. Beowulf is th e hero or Messiah in the quote and the evil or sin he must defeat is Grendel.An interesting idea or words in this quote is that the author uses a biblical reference to compare Beowulf to the Messiah, Jesus. The author tries to tell us that they were both put on this world to defeat an evil in whatever form it takes. The author allows us to view them as good and that no evil can defeat them in a battle. The author frequently compares Beowulf to Jesus, portraying him as divine and immortal. Some may believe this to be blasphemy or others might see it as the author telling the readers that Beowulf is invincible and that he truly is a hero.

British Homes

There are 22 million places in Britain # 8212 ; large places and little places, old bungalows and new edifices, houses and flats. ( Americans say apartment but British people say level ) . Many British people love old houses and these are frequently more expensive than modern 1s. They besides love horticulture and you will see gardens everyplace you go: in towns, small towns and out in the state. Some are really little with merely one tree and a few flowers. Others are tremendous with plentifulness of flowers and adequate veggies and fruit trees. Two tierce of the households in Britain own their houses. Millions of these houses are the same with two or three sleeping rooms and a bathroom upstairs, dining room and kitchen downstairs. To pay for their house, place proprietors borrow money from a edifice society and pay back a small every month. There are a great many different sorts of places in Britain, but there are non plenty! It is frequently really hard for immature people to happen a place when they want to get down a household. British places are normally smaller than American places. 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Questions: 1. How many places are at that place in Britain? 2. Two tierces of households own their ain houses, do nt they? 3. What do these households do to pay for houses? 4. Is it hard or easy for immature people to happen a place? 5. What can you state about British places? Vocabulary: proprietor # 8212 ; # 1074 ; # 1083 ; # 1072 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1094 ; to borrow # 8212 ; # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1084 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1100 ; tremendous # 8212 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ;

Business research project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business research project - Essay Example According to Bruce (2001) until now the demand to sensitize the business teachers who are trained to enhance international field experience has been driven further and acknowledged widely. This is due to the movement of world cultures and global contacts that are increasing through international experience. In this respect, the new rule is that many businesses are increasing their diversity and enrolling their employees with challenging and unique needs to teachers that are recruited internationally. This has made managers and business employees to be agents of responsibility for global and cultural responsibility within the business. In business management, international field experience is a vital aspect to the educational professionals who prepare for natural resource and business management industries. It gives out experience which reinforces the instruction of the business management. It also gives out a chance to business students to engage and observe the application of the kn owledge that has been acquired. This means that international field experience helps employees to achieve valuable insights towards the operation and organization of agencies and businesses in different industrial sectors. In this regard, field experience that is properly supervised and pursued with enthusiasm could be of significant meaning towards business management. However, there is hardly any research that has been done concerning the relevance of international field experience on business management. For this reason, this paper proposes a study to investigate the impacts of international field experience on business management. In this study, we will hypothesise that international field experience has increased positive impacts on business management. Purpose of international field experience. Field experience is a factor which is of great importance in business management. Its main purpose has always been to give managers a business of combining the theoretical studies with an application of practical knowledge in the actual environment of work. In the business students’ academic program, field experience plays a crucial role as it gives students a room for application of the knowledge gained while in the classroom. Field work also gives students a chance to continue learning under a professional supervisor during the field work. Additionally, student interns should always undertake their study abroad responsibilities with professional and quality dedication. Student interns are also expected to be assets to the agency of placement and that they need to establish an enormous contribution due to their experience in the work. The objective of the research. This is a research work that is set out to among other things achieve one key objective. Thus, the overarching objective was to find out the impacts of international field experience on business management. The topic to be examined would be the impacts of field experience on business management. Research Questions There are three essential questions considered in this study. These questions can support the research in its objective of achieving the possible answer to the thesis. What does International field experience entail? What are the effects of such international fie

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Human Resource Management - Essay Example Khan had gone for an interview with the organization wearing the hijab, which did not prevent her from being hired as she had agreed to wear it if it matched the company colours. However, a higher-ranking manager spotted her in one and suspended her immediately after which he went ahead and dismissed her from work. In the judgement, US district attorney Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers of Oakland argued that Abercrombie had granted exemptions since 2005 which allowed employees to wear Jewish yarmulke, a baseball cap among other exemptions she went ahead to argue that Khan’s attire had not in any way affected the business. The attorney found out that Abercrombie had violated the religious rights of Khan and therefore awarded her damages to the tune of 48, 000 dollars. In addition, the organisation was required to permanently drop any ban that it had in respect to headscarves. In the settlement, the organisation was also required to accommodate different religious beliefs and practises as long as it did not suffer any undue hardships. Worker absenteeism costing the economy billions Absenteeism among workers has caused most of the economies in the world to lose billions of dollars. This absenteeism ranges from short offs to long leaves from work. The rates of absenteeism differs between different working conditions and industries, for instance workers who are on full time employment terms have a higher rate of absenteeism as compared to those that are working on contractual basis. In addition, government employees are more likely to be involved in higher levels of absenteeism as compared to people working in the private sector. In Canada, the level of absenteeism among full time workers is an average of 9.3 days, which represents almost two full working weeks. The trend of absenteeism is more rampant among full time government employees who are estimated to be absent from work about 12.9 days a year and private sector workers who are absent from work 8.2 days a year. It is estimated that in 2012, the Canadian economy lost about 16.6 billion US dollars due to workers absenteeism. This trend is likely to continue as the workers age if it is not properly handled. A major shortcoming in dealing with the problem of worker absenteeism is that despite of the economic implications that it has on the Canadian economy, less than half of the employees track down the number of absent days that employees have. Despite it being hard to compare the levels of absenteeism between countries, the levels of absenteeism in Canada are high compared to those in United States of America and United Kingdom. Age discrimination in the workplace in Michigan Age discrimination in the work place occur when the employer makes employment related decisions on the basis of age or treats the employees differently due to their age. in Michigan, several age discrimination practises are illegal, for instance, sacking, hiring or refusing to hire an individual based on his age is con sidered illegal, treating employees differently based on their age in relation to promotions, wages, knowledge advancement opportunities, benefits or training is also not allowed (Hulett, 2011). In addition, when an employer advertises a vacancy in his organisation stating preferences for people of a certain age bracket is also considered as an illegal age discrimination practise in Michigan. In Michigan, age discrimination

Complacent Employee, Sharon B. Buchbinder Case Study

Complacent Employee, Sharon B. Buchbinder - Case Study Example He feels beleaguered with all the busy schedule and work load and believes that his work is loved by all teachers and students. He works for long hours and stays at school till late hours to attend to all the needs and requirements of the students in the school. He is dedicated to his work assisting troubled kids and at times their families. His office is often filled with kids that need to be psychological assistance and are troubled from problem arising from either at school or home. This case involves Miller, who is satisfied with is work being fired by the administration because it aims to cut down on its cut backs and budgets. It is during one of this session that he receives an unexpected visitor. The unexpected visitor was his Boss miss Harriet who rarely visited. It was the first time for her to come to Miller’s office. When, he saw her miller immediately suspected that something was amiss. Her visits to the elementary school were always brief as she only greeted and a t times grinned to people and left the premises shortly after. However in this occasion she had something, to share with Miller and, he suspected that it was something serious. According to Miller his job entailed counseling troubled kids and ensuring that they did not end up in any stupid act. For instance, the kid he was tending to shortly before Harriet arrived was threatening to kill herself by taking several pills (Buchbinder, 380). Although, Miller was a hard worker and concentrated fully on his main task of counseling he was wrong on ignoring other prescriptions of his work. The job entitled him to write reports to administration to illustrate his contribution to the school. However, he ignored this thus leading to the administration to conclude that he was doing nothing. Although he explains to his boss that he is industrious, and works for lengthy hours he was wrong to ignore writing of reports which was significant to the administration. By ignoring his duties, and assumin g the reports could wait was wrong. Bob also assumed that the reports meant for the superiors were unnecessary (Buchbinder, 379). This was detrimental to his career because part of the consequence would be him losing his job. Without those reports, this was because his superiors could not know whether he was performing his duties but assume that he was sitting at his desk doing nothing. The administration way of assessing its employees is ineffective. This is because no one supervises Bob or requests for the reports. This indicates the weakness of the school administration. It does not have a personal touch with it employees thus leading to the situation such as Bob’s. It is only ethical that when someone makes a mistake mostly in the working place, they should be warned at least once before firing them. It came as a shock to Bob when the news of his lay off was broken to him as he was not aware. Everything was done in a short notice that did not even prepare him psychologica lly. Bad news, such as a person losing a job is not something that should be done in a hurried manner, for they might cause serious repercussions (Sims, 1). The administration should have at least notified its employees of the planned layoffs. This was unfair to the employees such as Bob who are left jobless without an arranged plan B. Using a short notice to fire puts Bob in a peculiar position as he believes he has devoted his life to labor for the school; thus he deserves a decent treatment despite his flaws. It is also disheartening to discover that the administration has already lined up a replacement for Bob even before he has left. The administration has already hired the services of a part-time psychologist from Melville middle School to take Bob’s position (Buchbinder, 380). However, it is true that Bob’